Artificial Extinction

I like the idea of fighting for the new world against an echo of the mistakes made back home, but I do find some of the writing a tad preachy; this game takes its subject matter quite seriously and seems to espouse a strong anti-artificial intelligence message, which is both interesting and also a tad redundant, given the wealth of narratives that cover the same material with various degrees of earnestness.

Artificial Extinction

There is broad concern that a mass extinction of amphibians and reptiles is now underway. Here I apply an extremely conservative Bayesian method to estimate the number of recent amphibian and squamate extinctions in nine important tropical and subtropical regions. The data stem from a combination of museum collection databases and published site surveys. The method computes an extinction probability for each species by considering its sighting frequency and last sighting date. It infers hardly any extinction when collection dates are randomized and it provides underestimates when artificial extinction events are imposed. The method also appears to be insensitive to trends in sampling; therefore, the counts it provides are absolute minimums. Extinctions or severe population crashes have accumulated steadily since the 1970s and 1980s, and at least 3.1% of frog species have already disappeared. Based on these data and this conservative method, the best estimate of the global grand total is roughly 200 extinctions. Consistent with previous results, frog losses are heavy in Latin America, which has been greatly affected by the pathogenic chytrid fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis. Extinction rates are now four orders-of-magnitude higher than background, and at least another 6.9% of all frog species may be lost within the next century, even if there is no acceleration in the growth of environmental threats.

Creative destruction is central to classic concepts of evolution. It seems clear that there are periods in which suddenly many species suddenly disappear, and many new species suddenly appear. However, radiations of a comparable scale to the mass extinctions, which this study, therefore, calls the mass radiations, have received far less analysis than extinction events.

During a visit to ELSI, just before the COVID-19 pandemic began to restrict international travel, they worked feverishly to extend their analysis to examine the correlation between extinction and radiation events. These discussions allowed them to relate their new data to the breadth of existing ideas on mass extinctions and radiations. They quickly found that the evolutionary patterns identified with the help of machine learning differed in key ways from traditional interpretations.

Since 2008 the band has released an album roughly every two years, interspersed with various live albums, compilations, and singles. 2017's release, The Spell of the Spider, reached #42 on the German national charts.[16] 2019's Artificial Extinction[17] deals with the concept of artificial intelligence as a threat to humanity and features artwork by German artist Jochen Schilling.[18] Artificial Extinction reached #30 on the German national charts.[19]

Artificial frames are created by artificial photons having origin in physical principles and mathematical formulas rather than in nature. This approach can be very useful for understanding of true nature of many effects which can be else gathered by a plenty of observational experiences.

The artificial tool has three models of light curves included. The model of the pulsating star δ Cep (data computed by Mérand et al.) and the eclipsing binary star Algol (observed by Kim, Ho-Il). Both the curves has been approximated by Fourier series. The last model is a simple cosine wave.

This artificial tool implements models of elliptical galaxies. A radial profile have Sérsic profile (generalised de Vaucouleurs profile). A shape (nearly circular or nearly lenticular) is given by the Hubble classification; an orientation and shape of ellipticity is the same as for PSF of stars. All parameters are specified in the particular galaxy catalogue file. See Artificial sky for examples.

The predominant definition of extinction risk in conservation biology involves evaluating the cumulative distribution function (CDF) of extinction time at a particular point (the "time horizon"). Using the principles of decision theory, this article develops an alternative definition of extinction risk as the expected loss (EL) to society resulting from eventual extinction of a species. Distinct roles are identified for time preference and risk aversion. Ranges of tentative values for the parameters of the two approaches are proposed, and the performances of the two approaches are compared and contrasted for a small set of real-world species with published extinction time distributions and a large set of hypothetical extinction time distributions. Potential issues with each approach are evaluated, and the EL approach is recommended as the better of the two. The CDF approach suffers from the fact that extinctions that occur at any time before the specified time horizon are weighted equally, while extinctions that occur beyond the specified time horizon receive no weight at all. It also suffers from the fact that the time horizon does not correspond to any natural phenomenon, and so is impossible to specify nonarbitrarily; yet the results can depend critically on the specified value. In contrast, the EL approach has the advantage of weighting extinction time continuously, with no artificial time horizon, and the parameters of the approach (the rates of time preference and risk aversion) do correspond to natural phenomena, and so can be specified nonarbitrarily.

Fear of regulatory disapproval and data integrity concerns have kept some U.S. financial institutions from more fully incorporating machine learning and other artificial intelligence-based monitoring tools into their anti-money laundering programs, say sources. Machine-learning software in the AML space often uses "decision trees" and other easily auditable methods to process and review banking data. Other AI tools, such as "deep learning" and "neural networks," feature systems designed to notice transactional patterns and adjust their monitoring rules accordingly. Vendors promoting software based on artificial intelligence, which normally refers to any program that emulates human cognition, often promise bankers that the tool...

The main objectives of this thesis are the following: 1) Remove the haze using water surfaces in Landsat satellite imagery of the visible and near-infrared regions for their properties of high absorption of solar radiation and weak reflection of it. The scattered solar radiation is most obvious in dark weakly reflecting regions such as water. The haze removal technique depends on subtraction of scattered light from picture elements within the satellite imagery. 2) Derive a formula and techniques for a given image to correct for extinction by transforming the observed intensity of the signal transmitted to the Landsat detector to an intensity that would be detected if there was not atmosphere. The formulae developed in this research assumes that the intensity of the scattered solar radiations is measured when observing deep water location by adopting a reflectance of 0 for the water surface. 041b061a72